Showing posts with label books. Show all posts
Showing posts with label books. Show all posts

Reading Change of Heart

I am reading Change of Heart: What Psychology Can Teach Us About Spreading Social Change by Nick Cooney. This book promises to change my activism. Here's part of the official book description:
"Scientific research has generated a wealth of information on how people can be persuaded to alter their behaviors, yet this body of knowledge has been largely ignored by those working to improve society. Change of Heart: What Psychology Can Teach Us About Spreading Social Change brings this information to light so that non-profits, community organizers and others can make science-driven decisions in their advocacy work. The book examines over 80 years of empirical research in areas including social psychology, communication studies, diffusion studies, network systems and social marketing, distilling the highlights into easy-to-use advice and serving as a psychology primer for anyone wanting to spread progressive social change."

I expect that much of what I learn from this book will be useful to readers of this blog. Expect to see the review soon.

Animal Activism Books

"Here are a dozen titles that have (mostly) been published in the last few years, each one certain to enhance one’s effectiveness when putting compassion into action."

No, silly, not here here. The books are here >>

"behaving respectfully in the face of disrespect"


I found this quote from a new animal advocacy book, Animal Activist’s Handbook by Matt Ball and Bruce Friedrich. The section was quoted by Erik Marcus at vegan.com. Here it is:

"Matt was once tabling in a crowded lobby at a large agricultural university when a dairy farmer stopped by and started yelling. Matt calmly responded to the farmer, catching the attention of a passing Joe Espinosa. Joe listened, was impressed, subsequently joined Vegan Outreach, became a vegetarian then vegan, convinced a number of friends and family to become vegetarian, and has been a leading leafletter and activist for Vegan Outreach ever since."

"Can you imagine if Matt had instead yelled at the dairy farmer and reacted defensively? Perhaps Joe wouldn’t have even stopped. Perhaps he wouldn’t have heard Matt’s argument. As of this writing, Joe’s handed booklets to more than 145,000 individuals. Think about the impact of this one instance of behaving respectfully in the face of disrespect: so many people have learned the truth of modern agribusiness. One instance of respect has made a tremendous difference in the world."

Well, that's great. I'm sure that being polite and calm while tabling is a good idea. Why? Because when you're tabling, you can't just walk away from a hostile dairy farmer. You're basically tied to the table. And then, once you're in a situation where:
  • you have to confront this person, and
  • this person isn't receptive to your message, and
  • this person probably isn't in your target audience (remember, the goal is to move the middle, not the extremists), and
  • you did not set out to confront this person,
well then, reacting in a manner that is outwardly calm and polite - for the benefit of passersby and for your own safety - is probably a smart move.

But think about what Ball and Friedrich are really saying here: they're assuming that calmness and politeness represent respect. Calm and polite behavior doesn't necessary represent respect. And respect isn't always best demonstrated by calm politeness. Sometimes strong emotions better represent respect. Sometimes politeness (strict adherence to etiquette) is actually disrespectful. It depends on the culture and on the individual.

They're also presenting a false dichotomy between:
a) calm politeness and
b) defensive rudeness.

There are, of course, shades of gray. There are other options:
c) pure calmness - ignore hostile people,
d) offense (not defense) - witty responses that reframe the conversation and assert control (not defensive reactions that cede power to the hostile person),
e) backhanded politeness - say it with a smile.

(Personally, I usually choose option C. I try to ignore hostile people. I don't always succeed, but I try.)

It's absolutely ludicrous to assume that 'calm and polite dialogue' is always the best, most effective method. There's more than one way to cut open a mango. Likewise, there's more than one way to effectively persuade people to become vegan.

Ask ten vegans how they went vegan and you'll get ten different answers. Some people needed gentle nudging in the form of 'calm and polite dialogue' and others needed a rude wake-up call or reality check. Some came to it on their own and others were influenced by a wide variety of people.

Lastly, it's absurd to give Matt the credit for Joe's hard work. Who's to say Joe wouldn't have created his own, better pamphlet one day and handed out twice as many because it was his own project? Who's to say another passerby, Joselle, wasn't turned away by Matt's response? What if a more aggressive (or rude) approach hadn't worked on Joe, but had worked on the dairy farmer instead, who subsequently turned his farm into a sanctuary?

There are too many what-ifs...? For example, what if...

Marcy was tabling in a crowded lobby at a large agricultural university when a dairy farmer stopped by and started yelling. Marcy responded to the farmer with a funny, yet rude comment, catching the attention of a passing Francis. Francis listened, was impressed, subsequently joined the Rude Vegan Comedy Troupe, became a vegan, then a comedian, convinced a number of friends and family to become vegan, and has been a leading comedian for Rude Vegan Comedy Troupe ever since.

Can you imagine if Marcy had instead been boring and polite? Perhaps Francis wouldn’t have even stopped. Perhaps he wouldn’t have heard Marcy's humorous quips. As of this writing, Francis has handed pamphlets to more than 145,000 individuals. Think about the impact of this one instance of behaving disrespectfully comical in the face of idiocy: so many people have been inspired to go vegan. One instance of rude comedic action has made a tremendous difference in the world.

My point is that anecdotal evidence like the story above with Matt and Joe serve only to reinforce a peacenik reader's worldview. If someone who isn't convinced that politeness is the one-and-only most effective method reads that passage, someone who is more skeptical reads the passage, they might think the book is worthless. Then again, maybe that kind of person isn't the kind of person who wants or needs this book.

However, even all that, I'm still interested in reading the book. Why? Because Matt Ball and Bruce Friedrich are deeply committed animal advocates and they've done a ton of activism. They're bound to have some thoughtful insights and interesting stories.

The Six Principles of Persuasion


In the book Influence by Robert B. Cialdini, six principles of persuasion are listed. Here they are:
  1. Reciprocation
  2. Commitment and Consistency
  3. Social Proof
  4. Liking
  5. Authority
  6. Scarcity
For a more in-depth review of the principles, read the book and also read the rest of this website :)

How to Win Friends and Influence People?


Food for thought...

Dale Carnegie's How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is still widely used today as a basic sales manual. In it, he describes twelve methods of persuasion:

Win people to your way of thinking

1. The only way to get the best of an argument is to avoid it.
2. Show respect for the other person's opinions. Never say, "You're wrong."
3. If you are wrong, admit it quickly and emphatically.
4. Begin in a friendly way.
5. Get the other person saying "yes, yes" immediately.
6. Let the other person do a great deal of the talking.
7. Let the other person feel that the idea is his or hers.
8. Try honestly to see things from the other person's point of view.
9. Be sympathetic with the other person's ideas and desires.
10. Appeal to the nobler motives.
11. Dramatize your ideas.
12. Throw down a challenge.
Things to consider:
  • Who are you trying to persuade? The person you're talking to or people listening to the conversation or both?
  • Is this the best method in ALL situations?
  • Are nobler motives really more effective? Is it so wrong to appeal to base motives?
I have this book and have read it. It offers some great advice, but be forewarned: some suggestions are NOT vegan. For example, he makes the same point I made in "Humans & Dogs: Not So Different" that positive dog training methods are effective with humans, too. Praise and treats work wonders. But in his example, he literally suggests giving people meat.

Best Selling Animal-Friendly Books


The Amazon sales ranking is an indication of how many copies a book has sold. Let's compare the rankings for some animal rights books. Perhaps from there we can draw a conclusion about what kinds of books are more appealing, and thus what kinds of animal rights arguments are most persuasive, or at least what kinds of animal rights arguments are most well known:

  1. Vegan Freak: Being Vegan in a Non-Vegan World by Bob Torres & Jenna Torres
    #22,225 in All Books, #1 in Animal Rights
  2. Redemption: The Myth of Pet Overpopulation and the No Kill Revolution in America by Nathan J. Winograd
    #23,881 in All Books, #2 in Animal Rights
  3. Bottomfeeder: How to Eat Ethically in a World of Vanishing Seafood by Taras Grescoe
    #25,531 in Books, #3 in Animal Rights
  4. Animal Liberation by Peter Singer
    #27,212 in All Books, #4 in Animal Rights
  5. Meat Market: Animals, Ethics, and Money by Erik Marcus
    #28,745 in All Books, #5 in Animal Rights
  6. Nim Chimpsky: The Chimp Who Would Be Human by Elizabeth Hess
    #32,209 in All Books, #6 in Animal Rights
  7. Best Friends: The True Story of the World's Most Beloved Animal Sanctuary by Samantha Glen
    #36,253 in Books, #8 in Animal Rights
  8. Thanking the Monkey: Rethinking the Way We Treat Animals by Karen Dawn
    #41,392 in All Books, #9 in Animal Rights
  9. Dominion: The Power of Man, the Suffering of Animals, and the Call to Mercy by Matthew Scully
    #54,405 in All Books, #14 in Animal Rights
  10. Making A Killing: The Political Economy of Animal Rights by Bob Torres
    #117,099 in All Books, #33 in Animal Rights
  11. Striking at the Roots: A Practical Guide to Animal Activism by Mark Hawthorne
    #264,227 in All Books, #72 in Animal Rights
  12. The Case for Animal Rights by Tom Regan
    #290,776 in Books, #80 in Animal Rights

Some basic "genres" of thought from the list above:
  • Theory: Animal Liberation, Making a Killing, The Case for Animal Rights, Dominion
  • Practical: Striking at the Roots, Bottomfeeder, Vegan Freak
  • Stories: Best Friends, Nim Chimpsky




But take a look at this:

  1. Skinny Bitch by Kim Barnouin & Rory Freedman
    #131 in All Books, not listed in Animal Rights section
  2. The Food Revolution: How Your Diet Can Help Save Your Life and Our World by John Robbins
    #15,316 in All Books, not listed in Animal Rights section

Even though these 'diet' books are in the food section, they have a clear animal rights and environmental perspective. And they SELL BETTER.

Regardless of what is most compelling for us personally, we ought to be aware of the other perspectives, particularly if they're more popular. This way we can tailor our discussions and activism for the audience.